Significant loss of cholinergic neurons is one of the most significant biological explanation for this devastating Alzheimeir's condition. Some of Ach functions include: the conduction of pain, the regulation of neuroendocrine function, the regulation of REM sleep cycles, and the process of learning and memory formation. These neurons send major projections to the hippocampus, a structure particularly important for the normal formation of declarative memories.
Scientists have discovered that choline is necessary to produce phosphatidylcholine (PC). Phosphatidylcholine is crucial to synthesize a low density lipoprotein (VLDL) particle, which we need to export fats from our livers. Methionine acts as a precursor to choline and can convert to phosphatidylethanolamine, which finally ends ups as phosphatidylcholine.
Thus, the combined deficiency of choline and methionine will severely impair our livers ability to release fats into the bloodstream.
| Animal and plant foods | Choline (mg) | |
|---|---|---|
| 32 gram sunflower lecithin syrup | 544 | |
| 15 gram soy lecithin granules | 450 | |
| 5 ounces (142 g) raw beef liver | 473 | |
| Large hardboiled egg | 113 |
Only diseased chickens lay salmonella-contaminated eggs. If you are obtaining high quality, cage-free, organic eggs , the risk virtually disappears. *****
Acetyl-N-Carnitine is a kind of amino acid that is able to increase the production of acetylcholine by donating a small molecule called acetyl (which is made up of two carbons atoms, three hydrogen ones, and an oxygen atom) to another compound, which is known as choline. Once choline receives this acetyl molecule, it becomes acetylcholine (hence the name). Taurine, another amino acid, has been shown to increase the levels of acetylcholine in the hippocampus, which is a part of the brain.
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and
pregnenolone thrusts the release
of acetylcholine in the hippocampus.
This include dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) which is a drug that slows the breakdown of choline in tissues outside of the brain. As a result, more choline is available to be turned into acetylcholine.
By adding a methyl group (CH3) to DMAE, choline (also called trimethylaminoethanol) is formed. The choline thus formed may then be used to make other valuable biochemicals, such as the major neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Another drug, pyroglutamate, is also able to increase acetylcholine production by enhancing the production of other chemicals that cause more acetylcholine to be made.
Certain B vitamins are critical for the synthesis of acetylcholine, and a deficiency in them can cause decreased acetylcholine production. These include vitamin B1, B5, and B12.
Ginkgo biloba, stimulates the brain's adsorption of acetylcholine, and the lipid phosphatidylserine, aids in the production and release of acetylcholine into the brain and reduces cortisol secretion.
GPC Choline (L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine) is one of the best forms of choline to take as it is easily absorbed by the body.
Acetylcholine is important for memory and learning and is a neurotransmitter used throughout the body. It controls muscle contraction for example. Acetylcholine may be extremely important for long term memory and It determines your brain speed.
In contrast Anticholinergics generally have antisialagogue effects (decreasing saliva production), and most produce some level of sedation.
If you have too little, your brain is going to slow down. The most extreme case of this is Alzheimer’s. You can think of acetylcholine as a lubricant for your brain and body. Acetylcholine along with dopamine are the neurotransmitters that turn your brain on. They allow it to work hard and fast. A lack of either one can lead to memory and attention problems.
Modafinil, Armodafinil, and Adrafinil are H3 (histamine receptor 3 antagonists) H3 antagonists also shove up concentrations of extracellular acetylcholine , brain histamine, noradrenaline, & dopamine that are known to modulate cognitive processes. The ability to release brain histamine supports the effect on attention and vigilance, but histamine also modulates other cognitive domains such as short-term and long-term memory.
Modafinil elevates hypothalamic histamine levels,[6] leading some researchers to consider modafinil a "wakefulness promoting agent" rather than a classic amphetamine-like stimulant.[7] Modafinil seems to inhibit the actions of the dopamine transporter, thus leading to an increase in extracellular and thus synaptic concentrations of dopamine
Histamine release in the brain triggers secondary release of excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate and acetylcholine
Galanthamine extract is a specific, competitive and reversible acetylcholinesterase
inhibitor. It is used in the manufacture of
medications, such as Nivalin and Reminyl, both of which have been approved by the FDA. They are a strong (reversible) cholinesterase inhibitor, increasing the susceptibility of organisms to acetylcholine, and treat for mild to moderate dementia of Alzheimer's type in clinic.
Huperzine A is also an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, Damage to the cholinergic (acetylcholine-producing) system causes memory deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease. ACh has also been shown to promote REM sleep.
Taking 200 milligrams of huperzine-A 30 minutes before bed can increase total REM by 20-30%. Huperzine-A, an extract of Huperzia serrata, slows the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. It is popular nootropic (smart drug), and I have used it in the past to accelerate learning and increase the incidence of lucid dreaming. I now only use huperzine-A for the first few weeks of language acquisition, and no more than three days per week to avoid side effects. Ironically, one documented side effect of overuse is insomnia. The brain is a sensitive instrument, and while generally well tolerated, this drug is contraindictated with some classes of medications. Speak with your doctor before using.
| Neuro- transmitter: | ACh Acetylcholine | ||||||||
| Effects: | ↓Heart rate ↑Secretions (sweat, saliva) ↑Memory ↑Muscle contractions |
Under healthy conditions REM sleep ‘turns-on' when activity levels of the biogenic amines (e.g. noradrenaline) decrease and activity levels ofacetylcholine increase. It is therefore not surprising to find that drugs that increase cholinergic activity generally tend to increase REM sleep and dream recall.
Magnolia bark extract contains eudesmol, an essential oil with possible antioxidant advantages. Honokiol and magnolol (found in magnolia bark) can exert an increase in acetylcholine.
Deprenyl (selegiline) pre-treatment has been shown to protect cholinergic neurons from toxicity.
*****Only 0.003% percent of eggs are infected. The translation is that only one in every 30,000 eggs is contaminated with salmonella. This gives you an idea of how uncommon this problem actually is, so don't live in fear....down the hatch with those raw eggs, just like Rocky Balboa.
You may feel sick and have loose stools, but this infection is easily treated by using high-quality probiotics that have plenty of good bacteria. The majority of the people who contract salmonella aggressively using probiotics as treatment,just suffer with symptoms for a few hours.
Possible signs and symptoms of salmonella: include:Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Fever,, Chills Headache, Muscle pains and blood in the stool. Signs and symptoms of salmonella infection generally last four to seven days, although it may take several months for your bowels to return to normal.
No comments:
Post a Comment